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Illusion - Is Seeing Really Believing?
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Illusion - Is Seeing Really Believing (1998)(Marshall Media)[Mac-PC].iso
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ILLUSION
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00430_Text_re26t.txt
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1996-12-31
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Why Do Things Look As They Do?
THE MAJOR TRADITIONS As we
have seen, the answer to this
question for the major
traditions of thought would be:
for the inference theory,
things look as they do because
of the inferences we make
about what given stimuli (or
sensations) most likely
represent in the world; for the
information-processing theory,
because of the sequence of
representations and
computations that occur
following registration of the
stimulus; for the Gestalt
theory, because of the
spontaneous interactions in
the brain to which the
components of the stimulus
give rise; for the stimulus (or
psychophysical) theory,
because of the sufficient
information we receive from
the stimulus.
In examining the current
scene in psychology, one
hardly finds a controversy
raging among defenders of
these differing viewpoints. For
the most part, one finds an
eclectic approach to theory in
which features of each of the
major traditions are
incorporated into a more or less
unintegrated set of beliefs.
Thus, for example, many
acknowledge that past
experience plays at least some
role in perception, but they do
not believe that past
experience takes the form of
unconscious inference or that
it derives from the sense of
touch. Many acknowledge the
role of organization and of
configurational or holistic
effects not reducible to the sum
of parts, but nonetheless feel
that these phenomena remain
unexplained. And, of course,
all acknowledge the necessary
role of the stimulus and of
certain information contained
within it that may not be
simple or obvious, although
they would not maintain that
perception can be fully
explained by the stimulus.